PARIS, 6 mars 2006 (AFP) - Le gouvernement a annoncé lundi soir à l'Assemblée nationale le retrait de l'article du projet de loi controversé sur les droits d'auteur qui légalise le téléchargement sur internet pour usage privé.
Dès l'ouverture des travaux lundi soir sur le projet de loi sur les OPA, le président de séance Jean-Luc Warsmann (UMP) a annoncé la décision du gouvernement "de retirer l'article 1er du projet de loi sur les droits d'auteur". Suspendu fin décembre, son examen doit reprendre mardi après-midi à l'Assemblée.
C'est sur cet article que deux amendements identiques du PS et de l'UMP légalisant le téléchargement à usage privé contre rémunération avaient été adoptés, contre l'avis du gouvernement, au mois de décembre. Cet amendement ouvre la voie au système de "licence globale" qui permettrait à tout internaute contre quelques euros de télécharger de la musique.
Ce vote a modifié toute l'architecture d'un texte qui vise à contrôler le téléchargement en légalisant les mesures techniques de protection (MTP ou DRM en anglais, pour Digital Rights Management), amenant alors le gouvernement à faire aussitôt "réserver" l'article premier, pour pouvoir le modifier plus tard.
Le retrait de l'article 1er, sur lequel il restait encore 28 amendements à examiner, a été finalement préféré à une deuxième délibération en fin d'examen.
Le gouvernement a déposé un article additionnel pour remplacer l'article premier, avec pour objet d'instituer "quatre exceptions au droit d'auteur, pour tenir compte de l'environnement nouveau de la société de l'information", a-t-on indiqué de source parlementaire.
Dans cet article additionnel, rendu public lundi soir, il est stipulé qu'"est instituée une exception" pour "certains actes techniques de reproduction provisoire" tels que des "caches" des serveurs des fournisseurs d'accès ou de "copies techniques" effectuées par les utilisateurs d'ordinateurs en vue d'un accès plus rapide aux sites internet.
Une exception au droit d'auteur est également introduite en droit français pour "permettre un accès élargi aux oeuvres par les personnes affectées d'un handicap consistant en une déficience importante psychique, auditive, visuelle ou motrice".
Une troisième exception est créée "en faveur des bibliothèques et services d'archives accessibles au public, pour leur permettre de conserver des documents qui ne sont plus disponibles à la vente ou dans un format technique obsolète".
Enfin, une quatrième exception est créée "en faveur de la presse, pour lui permettre d'exercer sa mission d'information et lui éviter l'insécurité juridique liée à l'inclusion d'oeuvres dans ses reportages".
Le projet de loi de Renaud Donnedieu de Vabres, qui doit faire l'objet d'un vote solennel le 14 mars, vise à transposer en droit français la directive européenne sur "la compensation équitable". Il a pour ambition de trouver un équilibre entre la nécessité de rémunérer les auteurs, de films ou de musique, et le développement de la consommation d'oeuvres par internet.
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